Around 1900, psychology separated from philosophy. The trends that had been emerging since the second half of the 19th century toward becoming an empirical natural science became decisive for the further formation of the discipline. However, there has always been a branch of psychology that has remained in dialogue with philosophy—even if it has occupied a rather marginal position in the 20th century and up to the present day. The aim of this thematic focus is to describe an exemplary line of philosophical psychology and, at the same time, to point out its systematic implications for regaining a non-reduced understanding of a science of the soul.
Inhalt
Ulrich Weger
ABHANDLUNG
Cristián Hernández Maturana
Abstract Consciousness Development and Self-Certainty of Personality. On the Philosophical Psychology of Immanuel Hermann Fichte
This article examines the philosophical psychology of Immanuel Hermann Fichte regarding question of the spiritual individuality of the human being. After a historical contextualization, the main elements of his approach are presented, which Fichte embeds within a speculative philosophy grounded in experience and conceives as a history of the development of the human spirit. It will be shown that Fichte offers a genetic theory of consciousness and a realistic concept of the self, which represent a contribution to current debates on the subjectivity of consciousness and the ontological status of the self.
Harald Schwaetzer
Abstract The article asks how the problem that emerged in the 19th and 20th centuries and was reflected upon philosophically, namely that the faculties of the soul are neither related to one another nor responsibly governed by the individuum, can be solved. As a solution, it refers to Anna Tumarkin’s reflection on psychological methods, which are based on the integration of an individuum on the basis of the necessity of assuming a sense of meaning. This concept is put into perspective for the present day by including the existential philosophy of Heinrich Barth in order to enable the development of a »moral imagination« (Anders).
Christian Graf
Abstract Heinrich Barth and the Concept of Psyche
Beginning with the Marburg Neo-Kantian tradition, Heinrich Barth develops a relational, anti-substantialist conception of the psyche, which he further enriches through an existential interpretation of individual existence as oriented toward transcendence. A genealogical reconstruction of this notion raises the question of whether the psyche can be adequately characterized as interiority.
Ulrich Weger Jonas Göken Jonas Raggatz
Abstract We all engage in self-observation on a regular basis. However, this self-observation typically takes the form of a naive and unsystematic practice, which is less aimed at uncovering underlying facts or problems and instead more at reinforcing our own expectations and hidden perspectives. This is one reason why introspection – once a widely used research tool at the beginning of academic psychology – has increasingly become a niche topic. Yet, self-observation can be systematically cultivated and then yield insights that go far beyond the pre-scientific everyday level. In the present article, various approaches to the systematization of empirical self-observation are presented, which have already been integrated into university teaching. A central application area of this systematic self-observation is dealing with one’s own blind spots. In this paper, seven strategies are introduced to facilitate a systematic engagement with these blind spots.
EXPERIMENT
BUCHBESPRECHUNG
Das Älteste als das Rettende. Der Briefwechsel zwischen Heidegger und Gadamer als bedenkenswertes ZeitdokumentGünter Seubold
Abstract Hans-Georg Gadamer/Martin Heidegger, Briefwechsel 1922–1976 und andere Dokumente. Aus den Nachlässen hg. u. komm. v. Jean Grondin u. Mark Michalski, Frankfurt a.M.: Vittorio Klostermann/Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck 2024, 516 S. mit 16 S. Abbildungen, ISBN 978-3-465-00261-1, € 68,-.
NACHRUF
Burkhard Liebsch
